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Gaia (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Gaia, ( or ; from Ancient Greek , a poetical form of Γῆ ''Gē'', Ge, "land" or "earth";) also spelled Gaea, was the personification of the Earth〔Smith, ("Gaea" ).〕 and one of the Greek primordial deities. Gaia was the great mother of all: the primal Greek Mother Goddess; creator and giver of birth to the Earth and all the Universe; the heavenly gods, the Titans, and the Giants were born to her. The gods reigning over their classical pantheon were born from her union with Uranus (the sky), while the sea-gods were born from her union with Pontus (the sea). Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.〔''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.〕
==Etymology==
The Greek word γαῖα (transliterated as ''gaia'') is a collateral form of γῆ〔(γῆ ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 (''gē'', Doric γᾶ ''ga'' and probably δᾶ ''da'')〔(δᾶ ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 meaning Earth,〔(γαῖα ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 a word of uncertain origin.〔(Gaia ), Online etymology dictionary〕 R. S. P. Beekes has suggested a Pre-Greek origin.〔R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, pp. 269–270 (''s.v.'' "γῆ").〕
In Mycenean Greek ''Ma-ka'' (trans. as ''Ma-ga'', "Mother Gaia") also contains the root ''ga-''.〔Beekes.(Greek Etymological Dictionary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Paleolexicon )〕
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